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Implant helps blind people see shapes
Updated: 2010-11-05 10:54
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Scientists have developed an eye implant that allowed three blind patients to see shapes and objects within days of treatment in a trial, and say the device could become routine for some kinds of blindness in five years.
Experts described the study results as phenomenal and said the device, developed by German researchers, could eventually change the lives of up to 200,000 people worldwide who suffer from blindness due to a degenerative eye disease called retinitis pigmentosa.
The device - known as a sub-retinal implant - sits underneath the retina and works by directly replacing light receptors that are lost as a result of the disease.
After the light detection stage, it uses the eye's natural image-processing functions to produce a stable visual image.
Eberhart Zrenner, chairman of a university eye hospital in Germany and director of a small company called Retinal Implant AG, which is developing the device, said the trial results were a "proof of concept" and would now be taken into further trials in about 25 to 50 patients in Europe.
"We have shown that people can be provided with enough useful vision for daily life," he said in a telephone interview.
According to the study published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B journal, one blind patient who had the device implanted was able to identify and find objects placed on a table in front of him, and was able to walk around a room independently.
He could even read a clock face and differentiate between seven shades of grey, the researchers said. Tests were conducted seven to nine days after the device was implanted.
The implant device, which sits completely within the eye, is a tiny plate, measuring just 3 square millimeters and a 10th of a millimeter thick, and has about 1,500 tiny light sensors connected to amplifiers and electrodes.
Other types of retinal implants, known as epiretinal implants, sit outside the retina, and because they bypass the intact light-sensitive structures in the eyes, they require the patient to wear an external camera and processor unit.
Robert Maclaren, a professor of Ophthalmology at Britain's Oxford University and a consultant retinal surgeon at the Oxford Eye Hospital, who was not involved in this trial, said he was "very excited" by Zrenner's results.
Retinitis pigmentosa is a genetic eye condition that leads to blindness and affects about one in 4,000 people worldwide.
Zrenner said further trials of the implant should be completed in two to three years and if those proved successful, the device could be on the market and available for thousands of patients in about five years.
He was cautious about possible wider applications, but said that if it was developed further, the device may someday be used to help people with severe cases of age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of blindness in older people.
Vocabulary:
retinitis pigmentosa: 色素性視網(wǎng)膜炎
（中國日報網(wǎng)英語點津 Helen 編輯）
About the broadcaster:
Nelly Min is an editor at China Daily with more than 10 years of experience as a newspaper editor and photographer. She has worked at major newspapers in the U.S., including the Los Angeles Times and the Detroit Free Press. She is also fluent in Korean.